![]() The "klappvisor" or klappvisier was a type of visor employed on bascinets from around 1330–1340 this type of visor was hinged at a single point in the centre of the brow of the helmet skull. However, from about 1330, the bascinet was often worn with a "face guard" or movable visor. ![]() The open-faced bascinet, even with the mail aventail, still left the exposed face vulnerable. Use of the bretache preceded and overlapped with that of a new type of visor used with the bascinet, the "klappvisor" or " klappvisier". An advantage of the bretache was that it could be worn under a great helm, but afforded some facial protection when the great helm was taken off. ![]() It is also shown on the tomb of Bernardino dei Baranzoni in the Museo Lapidario Estense in Modena, created c. The bretache was also used in Italy one of the first representations of it is on the equestrian statue of Cangrande I della Scala, who died in 1329. According to Boeheim, this type of defence was prevalent in Germany, appearing around 1330 and fading from use around 1370. The bretache was attached to the aventail at the chin, and it fastened to a hook or clamp on the brow of the helmet. The illustration to the left shows a bascinet with a type of detachable nasal (nose protector) called the bretache or bretèche made of sheet metal. Bretache Bascinet with a bretache (nose protection) and aventail (chainmail neck protection). Holes in the leather band were passed over the vervelles, and a waxed cord was passed through the holes in the vervelles to secure it. ![]() The detachable aventail was attached to a leather band, which was in turn attached to the lower border of the bascinet by a series of staples called vervelles. The earliest camails were riveted directly to the edge of the helmet, however, beginning in the 1320s a detachable version replaced this type. Unlike the cervelliere, which was worn in conjunction with, often underneath, a complete hood of mail called the coif, early bascinets were typically worn with a neck and throat defence of mail that was attached to the lower edge of the helmet itself this mail "curtain" was called a camail or aventail. Protection for the throat, neck and face Camails or aventails The bascinet, without a visor, continued to be worn underneath larger "great helms" (also termed heaumes). The bascinet appeared quite suddenly in the later 13th century and some authorities see it as being influenced by Byzantine or Middle-Eastern Muslim helmets. Within the next 20 years it had extended to the base of the neck and covered the cheeks. By about 1330 the bascinet had been extended lower down the sides and back of the head. The bascinet is differentiated from the cervelliere by having a higher, pointed skull. It is believed that the bascinet evolved from a simple iron skullcap, known as the cervelliere, which was worn with a mail coif, as either the sole form of head protection or beneath a great helm. ![]() The first recorded reference to a bascinet, or bazineto, was in the Italian city of Padua in 1281, when it is described as being worn by infantry. Early in the fifteenth century, the camail began to be replaced by a plate metal gorget, giving rise to the so-called "great bascinet". A visor (face guard) was often employed from c. A mail curtain ( aventail or camail) was usually attached to the lower edge of the helmet to protect the throat, neck and shoulders. It evolved from a type of iron or steel skullcap, but had a more pointed apex to the skull, and it extended downwards at the rear and sides to afford protection for the neck. The bascinet – also bassinet, basinet, or bazineto – was a Medieval European open-faced combat helmet. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |